Content


Content of the website is just as important to the design and the functionality,and well written content can put you in with the higher ranks on Google. The small business site developer, however, usually will rely on the client to put it together. When doing the initial sales call it is important that it is understood that development and content are two separate tasks. Get as much information about the business as possible to create a final product that stands out from the rest. In the sales stage, give the client a rough estimate of the number of pages he/she has to work with primarily to give a cost estimate. When the contract has been signed that gives a cost to the client and a completion time for developer, the work begins. Give the client an outline of what websites normally include such as a background on the company, where The location of the business is, and contact information. Ask what they want the website to convey to the people visiting, etc. The text should be submitted to you in a .txt file, but always be willing to work with the client to get the site up as soon as possible. Keyword and rich content gets the search engine rank up and promotes a click through.

CSS

CSS, Cascading Style Sheets, were created for placing elements on the web page. Before CSS, if there was anything other than text on a web page, it was placed by a clever use of tables and images. CSS style sheets place elements precisely on the page and can do so much more. W3Schools has a tutorial that covers the basics and gives some examples in a screen that allows you to try out different scenarios.The Zen Garden is a website that offer some insight into the beauty of CSS. Graphic artists showcase extraordinary CSS accomplishments. They are all given the same HTML and the only difference between the works is an external CSS file. Zen Garden also references a resource guide that cover hacks, designs and tutorials. Though CSS is fully integrated there is still some debate on wether it makes sense to switch an established site to completely CSS. The Firefox browser offers an addon called Firebug that is a brilliant tool that enables viewing real time effects of changes made to the CSS file. The CSS file is usually called when the page is loaded from a link tag within the head tag set. <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css"/><head/>

Images

Photo editing software standard for the industry is Adobe Photoshop, however there are several less expensive alternatives that will work just fine for a basic site.
There are a few rules to adhere to when creating and publishing images on the web. Speed , format, and colors. Speed is a function of the size of the image. There is no need to have an image for the web any more detailed than 72-100 ppi(pixels per inch). There is a tool in most photo editing software to save the image for the web. This is one of the best features for optimizing an image. The formats that are compatible with all browsers are JPEG, GIF, and PNG. Images that have vivid contrast and large areas of a single color are better in GIF, and images like photographs that use continuous tones are more suited to JPEG. Most monitors today conform to true color which can display 16 million colors. 16 million colors gives the developer an ability to use any type of photography.Strict xhtml will require text alt tags for photos. It's always a good idea to include keywords in the alt tag to increase searchability.

Menus


Menus can make or break a site. There needs to be a flow to the information that keeps the person visiting interested in what information there is and where to find the information. A totally CSS,javascript menu system makes good sense because there is cross browser compatibility. There are plenty of sites that offer templates or tutorials for navigational menus and most are fully customizable. If time is precious in getting the website functional there is the option of a buying and downloading a ready to go navigational menu creation software. There are many support forums throughout the internet that provide access to many problem solving techniques for CSS menus. Using frames can isolate the menu from the main content but this system has pros and cons. There is the benefit of not rewriting the navigation code to every page, but can get complicated if there are several frames being used,or the person accessing the site is using a browser that is not frames compatible. For example, the index page consisting of a main frame and a navigation frame would be alot less complicated than one with a header, footer, navigation and main frame.

Mobile Development


The mobile browser is gaining momentum and developing web content for a mobile browser becoming a necessity. Now more than ever people are accessing the internet through a mobile device. There are about as many opinions on how to approach development for these miniature browsers as there are different versions. One approach is to literally ignore them. That's right, some developers are just crossing their fingers and hope rendering is acceptable. For a totally mobile website , W3Schools has a WAP, Wireless Application Protocol, tutorial that seems like a good place to start. WAP uses WML, Wireless Markup Language, in a similar way that a regular browser uses HTML. WMLScript is used in WML as a scripting language that is comparable to a light version of Javascript. WMLScript can be used to validate user input and generate content. Content can be stylized for different media using one stylesheet with a media specification, but not all browsers will recognize CSS in the mobile platform. Smartphones are here to stay and development is in a stage of transformation. Like the early days of the browser, general standards will develop over time.

Special Characters


Html contains special characters that need to represented properly to show up correctly on the web page. They are reffered to as character entities. Each character entity begins with and ampersand (&) and end with a semicolon(;). Both the amersand and the semicolon are absolutly necessary to be interpreted properly. Some are interpreted with numbers, some with words, and some numbers or words. For example, the copyright symbol(©) can be represented as &copy; or &#169;. Googling the phrase "special characters html" will bring up a number of sites that have quick refrence.to most of the symbols. W3Schools is has a nice list and because they set the standards for web code, the list can be considered reliable. A cheat sheet is always nice to have on hand for quick refrence.